A fractal image compression algorithm based on improved imperialist competitive algorithm

Fractal image compression (FIC) is a lossy compression method that has the potential to improve the performance of image transmission and image storage and provide security against illicit monitoring. The important features of FIC are high compression ratio and high resolution of decompressed images but the main problem of FIC is the computational complexity of the algorithm. Besides that, the FIC also suffers from a high number of Mean Square Error (MSE) computations for the best matching search between range blocks and domain blocks, which limits the algorithm. In this thesis, two approaches are proposed. Firstly, a new algorithm based on Imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) is introduced. This is followed by a two-tier algorithm as the second approach to improve further the performance of the algorithm and reduce the MSE computation of FIC. In the first tier, based on edge property, all the range and domain blocks are classified using Discrete Cosine Transform. In the second tier, ICA is used according to the classified blocks. In the ICA, the solution is divided into two groups known as developed and undeveloped countries to maintain the quality of the retrieved image and accelerate the algorithm operation. The MSE value is only calculated for the developed countries. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm performed better than Genetic algorithms (GAs) and Full-search algorithm in terms of MSE computation. Moreover, in terms of Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio, the approaches produced high quality decompressed image which is better than that of the GAs

THE EVALUATION OF IRRIGATION EFFICIENCY OF SOLID SET SPRINKLER IRRIGATION SYSTEMS

ABSTRACT Evaluation is one of the components of every irrigation system to improve its management. Unfortunately due to lack of proper design and performance of the system in several agricultural lands, the efficiency of the Solid-set sprinkler irrigation systems is low or unacceptable. The specific objective of this study is to evaluate of irrigation efficiency of existing solid set or portable sprinkler irrigation systems under field conditions at Miandoab region. For this purpose, 10 solid set sprinkler irrigation systems were selected accidentally and were evaluated in three steps. Thus evaluating indicators were used such as Application Efficiency (AE) and Combined Efficiency (CE). The Wind Drift and Evaporation Losses (WDEL), Deep Percolation (DP) and overall average of losses were obtained 13.1, 14.0 and 27.1% respectively. The results showed that the overall average of system, application efficiency and combined efficiency were obtained 73.6 and 75.3% respectively. One of the main reasons for low application efficiency is existence of wind at area and lack of proper designing. Keywords: Application Efficiency and Combined Efficiency, Irrigation Systems, Sprinkler, Solid-Set and Water Losses INTRODUCTION Efficient use of available water is essential because of a limited water supply and a serious drainage problem in a portion of the different regions. Irrigation efficiencies are directly related to the low water losses on the individual fields. In design and management of irrigation systems, efficient use of water is now often a major goal, as well as production of the crop. Of course, crop production is paramount to a grower who intends to stay in business, but he or she now looks also at water costs and farm sustainability as well as the potential for pollution of the resource by over irrigating. The main objective of irrigation is to apply the optimum amount of water to the crop root zone that the crop needs for development and also that cannot be provided by rains (Hamam et al., 2003). One of the standard practices to characterize water use in an irrigated area is to conduct irrigation evaluations. In sprinkler irrigation, the most valuable outcome of evaluation process is irrigation efficiency. Irrigation efficiency defines how effectively an irrigation system supplies water to a given crop. The first requirement for the efficient operation of an irrigation system is uniform water application. Pitts (2001) notes that a highly uniform water application does not ensure high efficiency since water can be uniformly under or over-applied. However, it is noted that a highly efficient system along with good crop yields requires uniform water application

Survival of GEJ and gastric adenocarcinoma patients admitted at Imam Khomeini and Aram oncology clinic and treated with preoperative EOX chemotherapy

Abstract Objective: We aimed to investigate safety and efficacy of preoperative chemotherapy using EOX regime in patients with locally advanced gastric and GEJ cancer who were admitted at Imam-Khomeini Oncology clinic and Aram clinic. Method: We performed a mix-cohort study in 51 gastric cancer patients. In the beginning, we performed contrast thorax and abdominal CT scan or ECO cardiograph to determine cancer staging. After that, each patient received 3-weeks EOX regime in 6 cycle. After each three cycles follow-up CT scan was performed to assess any possible progression. Response to the treatment, Overall survival, and Progression-Free Survival were the main outcomes that we evaluated in the current study. We used Kaplan-Meier approach and Cox regression to address survival rate and its prognostic factors. Results: Overall, 72.5% percent were male and mean age of study participants was 57.6. Complete response rate was observed in 11.1%, while 51.1% showed partial response. Median of overall survival and Progression-Free Survival was estimated 35.0 and 28.0 month, respectively. The 5-year overall survival was 74.2% and for PFS it was estimated at 57.7%. Conclusion: Preoperative chemotherapy using EOX regime could increase survival rate among patients with gastric and GEJ cancer

ارائه مدل آموزش فرهنگ سازمانی در آموزش و پرورش خراسان رضوی با استفاده از مدل نظریه ای داده بنیاد

این پژوهش با هدف ارائه مدل فرهنگ‌سازمانی در آموزش‌وپرورش خراسان رضوی با استفاده از روش نظامدارنظریه  داده بنیاد یا گراندد تئوری انجام‌شده است.. برای به دست آوردن داده‌های موردنیاز در این پژوهش با 15 نفر از خبرگان حوزه  سیاستگذاری آموزش و پرورش مصاحبه ی بدون ساختار به عمل امد و داده ها از مصاحبه ها استخراج شد. برای تجریه وتحلیل داده‌هااز روش نظام دار استراوس و کوربین با کدگذاری باز، کدگذاری محوری و کدگذاری انتخابی انجام‌شده است. بعد از تحلیل داده‌ها مدل پارادایم یا الگوی مطلوب فرهنگ‌ سازمانی یادگیرنده مشارکتی استخراج شده است. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده این الگو دارای شرایط علی (کیفیت، آینده نگری، نیاز جامعه)، شرایط زمینه‌ای (نیروی انسانی، فناوری، دانش محوری، دانش آموز ماهر، برنامه ریزی و ارزش و اخلاق)، شرایط مداخله (تجهیزات، فضای فیزیکی، عوامل اقتصادی، تمرکز زدایی، جذب نیرو)، راهبردها (مشارکت محوری، مهارت محوری، روش‌های آموزشی، عملکردگرایی) و پیامدها (کسب مهارتهای گروهی، کسب مهارتهای فردی و تامین نیازهای جامعه) می‌باشد

Impact of Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Intentions of Students Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences

Background and Purpose: This study examined the impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention. Methods and Materials: Study approach was quantitative and research Method was experimental . Research design was design of two groups with pre-test and post-test. The statistical population was students of Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences that have been registered in entrepreneurship workshop. Using the Cohen tabel and available resources, 20 students were considered in each group. Sampling method was stratified random. Research Instrument was Standard questioneer of entrepreneurial intention from Linan and Chen (2009), which was previously valid and reliable. On the day of the workshop, the pre-test before the start and post-test have been conducted after the workshop on control and experimental groups. After collecting data, research data analyzed using spss 16 software. Results: According result of independent t-test , from variables of entrepreneurial intention, entrepreneurial attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control , the only variable of behavioral control between the experimental and control groups difference scores of post-test from pre-test was significant. The average perceived of behavioral control of students who have been seen entrepreneurship education had been significantly higher than the average perceived of behavioral control group of students who were not trained.Discussion: Entrepreneurship education has a positive impact on increasing the efficiency of the students to believe in becoming an entrepreneur

طراحی مدل مدیریت دانش در دانشگاه فنی و حرفه ای با راهبرد آموزش تربیت کارآفرین

The ever-increasing development of industry, information and technology in the world is moving forward at a fast pace. Countries seeking self-sufficiency and universal independence must prepare their country for sustainable entrepreneurship, production and employment, and human resources in the industry, in order to cope with the gap between existing skills and new skills. Under these conditions, we recognize the importance of the mission of universities that are active in the training of skilled entrepreneurs. Knowledge management in organizations, especially educational organizations, is an effective solution to this problem. This research, based on the Foundation's data strategy, studies the knowledge management strategy at the technical and vocational college. The research data were collected through 14 managers and technical experts, and semi-structured interviews. Validity and validity of the research data were confirmed by the opinions of the experts of the research based on the data of the Foundation as well as by the interviewees. Therefore, the results of this research were derived from the following conditions. Strategies include: 1. Entrepreneur training 2. Improvement of human resources 3. Qualification of university education as well as causal conditions including: 1. Human resource potential 2. University mission (entrepreneurship), as well as categories or pivot phenomena including: leadership of the organization, as well as The field includes: 1. Intellectual capital 2. Knowledge 3. Management strategy, as well as intervening conditions include: 1. Organizational structure 2. Teamwork 3. Organizational culture 4. Knowledge sharing and, in the end, the consequences: Knowledge management strategy at the university; The top managers of the university are guided by the mission and purpose of the organization (the training of skilled technicians and entrepreneurs)